1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a versatile non-phthalate plasticizer for PVC and other polar polymers, specially intended for use in applications that involve intimate human contact is the non-phthalate plasticizer especially developed for applications for close human contact.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is widely used in the manufacture of plastics, to make them soft and flexible, and in personal care products. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester can be found in common products such as soaps, sun tan lotion, soft plastic toys, plastic bottles, raincoats, shoes and food packaging.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a plasticizer with a unique performance that comes along with an excellent toxicological profile and low migration rate.

Applications of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester includes Medical devices, toys, food packaging, flooring, wall covering, sport and leisure products.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a primary plasticizer, which means that it is compatible with PVC over a broad concentration range.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is suitable as so-called "general-purpose plasticizer", which means that it can be used in many different applications.

 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a clear colorless liquid with a hardly noticeable odor, which shows very little discoloration during processing.

Chemical nature: 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester

CAS Number: 166412-78-8

Chemical nature: 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester

Di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) is a clear, colorless, liquid high molecular weight plasticizer. 

It was developed for use in polyvinyl chloride plastics (PVC) and in products with human contact, including toys, medical devices, and food packaging, largely as an alternative to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) (Crespo et al., 2007; EFSA, 2006). 

DINCH is also used in the production of cosmetic products, shoes, exercise mats and cushions, textile coatings, printing inks, as well as floorings and wall coverings 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester's chemical name is Diisononyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester and it is a non-phthalate plasticizer.

Due to the increased regulation of phthalates, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has been used as a plasticizer since 2002, mainly as a DEHP (di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) substitute in toys and medical equipment. 

Due to its similar structure (the aromatic ring of the phthalates is replaced by a cyclohexane ring) it possesses similar physical properties but shows far lower toxicity. 

The high demand for phthalate species leads to a strong increase in the use and production of DINCH.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a colorless, clear and practically anhydrous liquid with a hardly noticeable odor. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is soluble in the usual organic solvents and is miscible and compatible with all of the monomeric plasticizers commonly used in PVC. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is almost insoluble in water.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is the non-phthalate plasticizer specially developed for applications with close human contact. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is the ideal solution as a plasticizer when it comes to high safety and quality standards for use in many sensitive goods such as: toys, medical devices, food contact applications, sport & leisure products, flooring, wallcovering. 

Thanks to 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester's excellent toxicological profile and the low migration rate, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is approved and certified by many authorities and institutions worldwide. 

In addition, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester sets high standards with regard to sustainability. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester was evaluated using the Sustainable Solution Steering methodology. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester was classified as an “Accelerator” for its contribution to the sustainability of the customers’ industries in enhancing health and safety aspects. 

 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is approved and certified by many competent authorities and institutions worldwide.

Hexamoll DINC is a non-phthalate plasticizer with key features include low viscosity, low density, cold temperature flexibility and an excellent toxicological profile.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester offers a well-balanced set of properties such as Low viscosity, which makes 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester suitable for spreadcoating of plastisols (e.g. textile coatings, wallcovering, heterogeneous flooring) as well as rotomolding, i.e. manufacturing of hollow parts.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has Low density. Thus, less plasticizer is needed to achieve the same volume of end-product.

Excellent cold flexibility makes 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester especially suitable for outdoor and food contact applications as cold temperatures may play an important role.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has Low volatility and this makes the plasticizer content in the end-product remains stable, which in turn increases its lifespan.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester shows good compatibility with PVC that makes 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester to remain in the PVC and unfold its plasticizing effect.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester shows an extremely low extraction rate in contact with aqueous liquids and also a very low migration rate in contact with rigid PVC and engineering plastics.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is very stable under UV radiation, which makes it suitable for outdoor applications. 

Thus,the end-product keeps its mechanical properties such as flexibility and color.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has excellent compatibility under mechanical pressure

Even if the end-product is exposed to mechanical pressure, the plasticizer 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester remains in the product.

Based on its properties, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a versatile plasticizer for different technologies.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is successfully used in all PVC-processes such as Extrusion, Calendering, Injection molding and Spread coating

 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is successfully used in non-PVC applications such as adhesives & sealants and printing inks.

Alternative plasticizers to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) for blood bags have been sought for many years. 

Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, diisononylester (1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester) is an alternative that has been evaluated in preliminary studies for compatibility and efficacy to preserve whole blood.

While 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has an extensive database for mammalian toxicity via oral administration, data were needed to evaluate toxicity from intravenous (IV) administration to support the use of the plasticizer 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester in blood bags

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester FOR MEDICAL DEVICES:

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is an ideal plasticizer for medical devices including blood bags, masks, catheters, gloves and medical training dolls, Artificial Nutrition and Infusion/ IV Treatment Equipments.

Artificial Nutrition Equipments

Blood Bags

Infusion/ IV Treatments

Catheters

Masks

Gloves

Medical Training Dolls

The low migration property of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester makes it an extremely suitable plasticizer for all kinds of medical devices: it is a required property in artificial nutrition products and blood bags to prevent the plasticizer from migrating into the product but also into the human body. 

The latter is equally important for infusion/ IV treatment products as well as catheters, which are inserted into the human body. 

Masks, gloves and medical training dolls have high skin exposure and may also get in touch with saliva and require a plasticizer like 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester, which is suitable for close human contact. 

Furthermore, inhalative uptake is of interest when using breathing masks. 

Schossler et al. (2011) showed that the maximum achievable air concentration of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is < 0,5 µg/m3, which is reached after ca. 600 h at 23°C in an emission chamber. 

Hence, inhalative uptake of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is negligible. 

The reduced migration (compared to DEHP) makes 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester perfectly suitable for artificial nutrition applications. 

In regulation (EU) No 10/2011 on substances in contact with food, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is listed (FCM 775) and the overall migration limit applies (i.e. 60 mg/ kg food).  

Welle et al. (2005) found that only 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester-plasticized nutritional sets comply with the TDI threshold (tolerable daily intake) in contrast to DEHP, TEHTM and ATBC (for nutrition solutions with 4.4% fat content). 

The reduced leaching of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester from PVC perfusion lines into different lipid emulsions for premature infants under clinical conditions (about 10 times lower than that of DEHP) was confirmed by Faessler et al. (2017).

There is particular experience with 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester in blood bags as there are several products in use, which are approved by the notified bodies, e.g. the Dutch national blood bank Sanquin has been using pediatric platelet bags based on 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester since 2012. 

Compared to DEHP (DOP), migration of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester into the blood product is ca. 10 times lower and it stabilizes red blood cells just as good as DEHP (DOP) and is also capable of storing platelets and fresh frozen plasma. 

Furthermore, the extensive toxicological research on 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester showed no adverse effects, also not on the intravenous route. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester was even awarded with the SolVin Award special prize in 2013 as substitute for DEHP (DOP) in blood product containers.

In the Danish evaluation on “Alternatives to classified phthalates in medical devices” (Danish Ministry of the Environment, DK EPA, Environmental Project No. 1557, 2014), 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester was evaluated as one of the most promising alternatives to DEHP. 

In 2015, the Swedish Chemicals Agency KEMI concurred with the Danish conclusion on medical devices in their Report 4/15 (“Phthalates which are toxic for reproduction and endocrine-disrupting – proposals for a phase out in Sweden”, Report from a government assignment). 

In January 2018, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester was included in the European Pharmacopeia. 

CE-marked Medical Devices based on 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester are available in Europe, Asia and North America.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester FOR  TOYS AND CHILDREN'S ARTICLES:

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester  is the perfect plasticizer for children’s articles thanks to it's reproductive and developmental toxicity levels.

Children are in close contact with their toys every day. Therefore, it is highly important that toys do not pose any health risks.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a non-phthalate plasticizer and it complies with the European, American and Chinese toy safety standards.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has been intensively tested for reproductive and developmental toxicity as well as for repeated use and does not show any adverse effects.

Besides the safety aspect, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester also offers technical properties that make it the preferred plasticizer for toys.

Below, you find examples of application areas and how 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester contributes to a safe and durable product.

Inflatable Toys

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a clear colorless liquid with a hardly noticeable odor and shows high UV resistance as well as a low extractability esp. with aqueous liquids. 

That way it is the ideal plasticizer for colorful toys that may be even left outside in the sunlight or are used in the bathtub or pool.

Figurines

Small kids may put their toys in the mouth and the excellent toxicological profile of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester gives parents the security that the toy is safe.

Dolls

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is well suited for various production processes: e.g. for rotomolding (e.g. dolls and balls) or for spreadcoating of plastisols (i.e. coated textiles in e.g. children’s mud pants, trampolines, bouncy castles).

Balls

Some toys need to endure a lot: kids squish them, kick them, hug them etc. – and the toy should keep its properties. 

Thanks to 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester’s compatibility also under mechanical pressure, the toy remains as is.

The French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) concluded in their Opinion on “plastic toys and children’s equipment intended for children under three years of age.” (2016) that concerning the health risk assessment of Hexamoll® DINCH, the results based on a realistic exposure scenario do not show a health risk for children aged 0 to 3 years exposed via the mouthing of toys (Request No 2013-SA-0176 (related Request no. 2011-SA-0324). 23.08.2016). 

Accordingly, the Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, found in their “Survey on plasticizers currently found in PVC toys on the Swiss market” (2017) that 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is one of the commonly used alternative plasticizers (McCrombie et al., J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2017 Apr 16).

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester FOR FOOD CONTACT MATERIALS:

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester  is an ideal plasticizer for food contact materials including Cling Film, Film Curtains, Food Packaging Printing Inks, Food Packaging Adhesives, Food Contact Tubes & Hoses, Food Contact Closures & Sealings.

When food is being transported, labelled, wrapped and stored, it comes into close contact with many PVC products.

It is of utmost importance that these PVC products fulfill their respective purpose of e.g. food protection and prevention of taste/ odor deterioration while at the same time being a safe material and not posing any health risks.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a non-phthalate plasticizer and it complies with many food contact regulations worldwide.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has been intensively tested for reproductive and developmental toxicity as well as for repeated use and does not show any adverse effects.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a clear colorless liquid with a hardly noticeable odor that allows to produce odor-free and transparent products, which is very important in the production of clingfilm and food contact tubes & hoses.

Low extractability esp. with aqueous liquids is an advantage in the production of food contact closures & sealings as well as in tubes & hoses.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester remains flexible in low temperatures, which is of high importance when packaged food is being cooled or film curtains cover refrigerated warehouse entries.

The very low migration rate helps to protect food from unwanted plasticizer, which is contained in the packaging/ storage container.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester's low volatility makes a preferred plasticizer in the manufacture of food packaging printing inks. 

And 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester's low viscosity helps in the production of food packaging adhesives and plastisols for food contact closures & sealings.

Cling Film

Film Curtains

Food Packaging Printing Inks

Food Packaging Adhesives

Food Contact Tubes & Hoses

Food Contact Closures & Sealings

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester for LEASURE AND SPORTS PRODUCTS:

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester as the non-phthalate plasticizer, especially developed for close human contact, is an ideal fit for the sports & leasure products including Sattels, Upholstery (artificial leather), Boots, Inflatable boats, Sport mats, Boxing gloves, Balls & rolls, Gym tool handles and Fishing lures.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is a Plasticizer used in various applications in the Sports & Leasure segment and shows certain characteristics to contribute to a high quality and long lifespan of the end-product.

Sports & leasure products are heavily used and exposed to a lot of external influences: weather, human interaction and other materials.

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is compatible with a range of other ingredients and make the end-product resistant to scratching and fading. 

Sports & leasure products are in close dermal contact and should neither cause skin irritation or sensitization, nor should they be heavily extracted from PVC through sweat. 

Thanks to its outstanding toxicological profile and low extraction rate, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is ideal for such applications.

Bikes and boats may be exposed to both, UV radiation and low temperatures but thanks to 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester’s UV resistance (in combination with light stabilizers such as Tinuvin®, Uvinul® or Chimassorb®)1 and low temperature flexibility, these products keep their properties even under high weather exposure.

Sometimes, sports & leasure products need to withstand mechanical stress and 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is quite resistant and therefore suitable for such products.

Sattel

Upholstery (artificial leather)

Boot

Inflatable boats

Sport mats

Boxing gloves

Balls & rolls

Gym tool handles

Fishing lures

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester FOR FlOORING:

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is an excellent non-phthalate plasticizer for flooring applications due to its low volatility and UV resistance and especially designed for close human contact. 

People spend a majority of their time in rooms with various types of flooring. 

Besides design aspects and technical properties (e.g. easy to clean), health and sustainability are also major aspects when choosing floor covering. 

What does this mean in specific? 

For example: low emissions and no adverse impacts on health and the environment.

This is especially interesting, when PVC flooring is considered. 

This type if flooring is often used in private housing and public buildings as it is available in many designs, easy to handle and very durable.

PVC flooring contains plasticizers and 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is an excellent choice for this type of application. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has been intensively tested for reproductive and developmental toxicity as well as repeated use and does not show any adverse effects.

Schossler et al. (2011)2 tested the maximum achievable air concentration of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester in an emission chamber. 

After about 600 hours at 23°C a steady-state concentration of <0.5 µg/m3; was reached. 

This makes the possible inhalative uptake of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester negligible.

Also thanks to low emissions, there is flooring with Hexamoll® DINCH available, which carries the German ecolabel “Blue Angel”. 

This label sets high standards for environmentally friendly product design and has proven itself over the past 40 years as a reliable guide for a more sustainable consumption. Here, you can read more about the certification.

 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester also offers technical properties that make it the preferred plasticizer for flooring applications besides the safety aspect.

Below, you find example applications, for which it is suitable.

Flooring

Heterogeneous Flooring

Homogeneous Flooring

Flooring Adhesives

Flooring Skirting Boards

Other Applications of 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester:

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is especially suitable for sensitive applications with close human contact including Film & Sheet, cling film, self-adhesive film, Coated Fabric, artificial leather, textiles, tarpaulins, Underbody Coating, Wallcovering, Wire & Cable, Profiles, Tubes & Hoses, Coatings, adhesives, sealants,and inks.

Nevertheless, it brings positive aspects and technical properties for other application areas as well. 

Below, you can find details for further application areas, where 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester may be a fit for you. 

Automotive

Building & Construction

Consumer

Plasticizer Application Segment

Film & Sheet (e.g. cling film, self-adhesive film, etc.)

Coated Fabric (e.g. artificial leather, textiles, tarpaulins, etc.)

Underbody Coating

Wallcovering

Wire & Cable

Profiles, Tubes & Hoses

Coatings & Non-PVC (e.g. adhesives, sealants, inks, etc.)

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is manufactured by using 100% recycled material as feedstock. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester has a non-aromatic structure and sets high standards with regard to sustainability. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester exhibits excellent toxicological profile, low viscosity, low density, excellent cold flexibility, low volatility, good migration and extraction resistance. 

It is developed for applications with close human contact. 

It is compatible with PVC for processes such as extrusion, calendaring, injection- and rotation molding. 

1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester is suitable for use in toys, medical devices, food packaging, sports equipment, wall covering and flooring.

Synonyms:

Di-isononyl-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate, 1,2-CYCLOHEXYLDICARBOXYLIC ACID,DIISONONYLESTER, Diisononyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, Diisononyl hexahydrophthalate, Dinch, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester, 1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester, Di-isononyl-cyclohex, 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester